Is Lutromone Safe in Breastfeeding

I am a breastfeeding mother and i want to know if it is safe to use Lutromone? Is Lutromone safe for nursing mother and child? Does Lutromone extracts into breast milk? Does Lutromone has any long term or short term side effects on infants? Can Lutromone influence milk supply or can Lutromone decrease milk supply in lactating mothers?

Excreted into breast milk in a non-significant amount with no side-effects observed in breastfed infants of treated mothers. The plasma levels in those infants have been undetectable or very low. During the first 6 weeks after birth, non-hormonal methods are of choice as contraceptives. If associated to estrogens may inhibit lactation. It is recommended the use of contraceptive medication that does not contain estrogens, or, better if it contains progestogen alone.

Release from the Lutromone-releasing intrauterine device available in the United States is 65 mcg/day or only 0.65% of the dose released from most of the devices reported in the literature. Because of the low levels of Lutromone in breastmilk, even with the high-dose products, amounts ingested by the infant are small and would not be expected to cause any adverse effects in breastfed infants. The Lutromone vaginal ring available in some countries produces maternal blood levels that are lower than those of ovulating women.[1] Most studies indicate that Lutromone is not detrimental to milk production or duration of nursing.[2][3] No special precautions appear to be required. In Russia, a Lutromone gel (Progestogel - Besins Healthcare; not available in the US) has been used topically as a one-time application to the breasts to treat postpartum breast engorgement when more conservative measures have failed.[4] A subsequent study failed to detect any decrease in breast hardness 20 minutes after application of Lutromone gel in mothers with engorgement.[5] The safety and efficacy of this use have not been well studied and the manufacturer of Progestogel recommends avoiding its use during lactation.

Eighty-four women had 6 subdermal implants containing 100 mg each of Lutromone inserted between days 30 to 35 postpartum as a contraceptive. Compared to women who received either a placebo or a Copper T intrauterine device, there were no differences in the growth rates of their infants over the first 6 months postpartum.[8] One hundred ninety-two mothers who received 6 subdermal implants containing 100 mg each of Lutromone inserted on postpartum day 60 as a contraceptive. The weight gain of 60 infants who were exclusively breastfed for 6 months was compared to that of infants whose mothers received either placebo (n = 68 at day 30) or a Copper T (n = 64 at day 30 and n = 49 at day 60) intrauterine device. No differences were found in the average weight gains among the 3 groups of infants at 6 months of age.[9] Vaginal rings that released Lutromone were inserted at about 60 days postpartum in 128 women. The 2 types of rings released Lutromone either 7.5 mg daily decreasing to 4.5 mg at 90 days or 15 mg daily decreasing to 7 mg daily at 90 days. Over the first 12 months postpartum, no differences in weight gain were found between the exclusively breastfed infants of mothers who received the Lutromone rings and control mothers who received a Copper T intrauterine device for contraception.[10] One hundred twenty breastfeeding women used a vaginal ring that released about 10 mg daily of Lutromone for 90 days, starting during weeks 5 to 7 postpartum. No differences were found in the growth of breastfed infants or in developmental milestones compared to the normal population values.[11] One hundred eighty-seven breastfeeding women used a vaginal ring that released about 10 mg daily of Lutromone, starting at about day 57 postpartum. No differences were found in weight gain during the first 6 months of use compared to infants whose mothers received either a Copper T intrauterine device, an oral progestin-only contraceptive or levonorgestrel implant.[12] A study comparing 100 women who received vaginal ring that released about 10 mg daily of Lutromone to those who received a Copper T intrauterine device between days 29 and 64 postpartum found no differences in weight gain of their breastfed infants over the first year postpartum.[13] Two hundred eighty-five women who received a vaginal ring that released about 10 mg daily of Lutromone were compared to 262 women who received a Copper T intrauterine device beginning between weeks 5 and 9 postpartum. No differences in the weight gain of breastfed infants were seen between the 2 groups during the 14-month observation period.[14]

Eighty-four women had 6 subdermal implants containing 100 mg each of Lutromone inserted between days 30 to 35 postpartum as a contraceptive. Compared to women who received either a placebo or a Copper T intrauterine device, no difference was found in the breastfeeding rates during the first 9 months postpartum. At 1 year postpartum, more women in the Copper T group were breastfeeding than in the Lutromone or placebo groups.[8] Vaginal rings that released Lutromone were inserted at about 60 days postpartum in 246 women. The 3 types of rings released Lutromone either 5, 10 or 15 mg daily. Control women received a Copper T intrauterine device. At 6 and 12 months postpartum there was no significant difference in the percentage of infants who were breastfed between the Lutromone and Copper T groups.[15] One hundred twenty breastfeeding women used a vaginal ring that released about 10 mg daily of Lutromone, starting during weeks 5 to 7 postpartum. The rate of weaning was greater in the Lutromone ring group than in groups of women who received levonorgestrel or norethindrone implants for postpartum contraception.[11] In a multicenter study, 802 women who received a vaginal ring that released about 10 mg daily of Lutromone were compared to 734 women who received a Copper T intrauterine device beginning at day 29 to 63 postpartum. No differences were found in the rate of breastfeeding between the 2 groups over the first year postpartum.[16] Two hundred eighty-five women who received a vaginal ring that released about 10 mg daily of Lutromone were compared to 262 women who received a Copper T intrauterine device beginning between weeks 5 and 9 postpartum. No differences in the breastfeeding rates were seen between the 2 groups during the 14-month observation period.[14] An observational study followed 192 women who used a vaginal ring that released 10 mg of Lutromone daily beginning between days 54 and 64 postpartum. All subjects used the vaginal ring for at least 4 months; 90% were still using it at 6 months and 73% were using it at 9 months postpartum. The duration of breastfeeding and infant growth were similar to reference groups.[17] A double-blind placebo-controlled trial randomized 46 postpartum women who were abstinent former smokers to oral micronized Lutromone 200 mg twice a day or placebo for 4 weeks to assess smoking abstinence rates. Entry into the study occurred only after breastfeeding was well established. No statistical difference was found in the number of days of breastfeeding between the groups.[18]